Understanding Antacids: A Relief for Heartburn and Indigestion

Introduction Antacids are a type of medication commonly used to neutralize stomach acid and provide relief from symptoms of heartburn, indigestion, and acid reflux. These over-the-counter remedies have become a staple in many households, offering quick and effective relief from gastrointestinal discomfort. Understanding how antacids work, their ingredients, potential side effects, and proper usage can help individuals make informed decisions about their health.

How Antacids Work Antacids work by neutralizing stomach acid (hydrochloric acid), which is responsible for the antacid burning sensation experienced during heartburn and indigestion. The primary ingredients in antacids are basic compounds such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate. When these compounds come into contact with stomach acid, they undergo a chemical reaction that increases the pH level in the stomach, making it less acidic.

For example, calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide: CaCO

This reaction helps to alleviate the burning sensation associated with acid reflux and promotes a more comfortable digestive process.

Types of Antacids There are several types of antacids, each containing different active ingredients and offering varying benefits:

Aluminum-based antacids: These include aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate. They are effective in neutralizing acid but may cause constipation. Magnesium-based antacids: Magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate are common ingredients. These are less likely to cause constipation but can lead to diarrhea in some cases. Calcium-based antacids: Calcium carbonate is a widely used antacid that provides quick relief and can also supplement calcium intake. However, excessive use can lead to kidney stones and increased risk of constipation.